The elder tree is considered to be either an overgrown shrub or small tree. Valued for its blue-purple berries, flowers and its wood. The berries are high in Vitamin A, C, antioxidants and flavonoids. They also contain large amounts of calcium, iron, vitamin B6 and essential oils. Actions include: laxative, diuretic, anti-inflammatory. Common medicinal uses include: to treat arthritis, pain, chronic fatigue, hay fever, urinary tract infections and congestion of the upper respiratory system, and to shorten the duration of colds and flu - with a special affinity for children. Elderberries have long been used as an ingredient in food and wine, and have a tart, tangy and bitter taste.